Foundation of Malacca Sultanate

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I have a published a post about the foundation of Siamese Kedah Pasai Ma. So, I will proceed with the history we all learned in today school syllabus, foundation of the Sultanate of Malacca. It is just a comparable between two sides of the story. When I do my research, I can say that, there still more to come.


Foundation of Malacca Sultanate

Malacca is founded around 1400 by Paduka Seri Maharaja Parameswara. According to Sejarah Melayu, he was a member of the royal family of Srivijaya and the last King of Singapura. Singapura is founded by Sang Nila Utama in 1324. He is a great grandfather to Paduka Seri Maharaja Parameswara. Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijayan Prince, who removed himself from Bentan to Temasik, where he founded Singapura. He was officially styled as Seri Maharaja Sang Utama Parameswara Batara Sri tri Buana. (Means : Lord Central King Batara of Sri Tri Buana or Three World Realm), lord over Palembang, Bintan and Singapura. Later, the throne is succeeded by his son, Paduka Seri Pekerwa Wira Diraja (1372 - 1386), his grandson, Paduka Seri Rana Wira Kerma (1386 - 1399), and his great grandson, Paduka Seri Maharaja Parameswara (1399 - 1413).

In 1390s, Majapahit sent thousands of ships to attack the remaining Malay Realm of Srivijaya including Singapura. In collusion with Bendahara Sang Rajuna Tapa, Majapahit managed to conquer Singapura in 1401 and expelled Parameswara. Parameswara fled to Muar, Ujong Tanah and Biawak Busuk before founding Malacca in 1402. In 1409, Parameswara assumed the title Sultan Iskandar Shah due to his marriage to a princess from Pasai. His marriage to a muslim princess encourage his subjects to embrace Islam.

During the foundation, legend has it that the King saw a mouse deer outwit a dog when he was resting under the Malacca tree. He took what he saw as a good omen and decided to establish a capital for his kingdom there.